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第三篇
A New Strategy to Overcome Breast Cancer
Post-menopausal（绝经后的）women who walk for an hour a day can cut their chance of breast cancer
significantly,a study has suggested.The report,which followed 73,000 women for 17 years,found walking for at least seven hours a week lowered the risk of the disease.The American Cancer Society team said this was the first time reduced risk was specifically linked to walking.UK experts said there was more evidence that lifestyle influenced cancer risk.
A recent poll for the charity Ramblers found a quarter of adults walk for no more than an hour a week, but being active is known to reduce the risk of a number of cancers.This study,published in Cancer
Epidemiology,Biomarkers&Prevention,followed 73,615 women out of 97,785 aged 50-74 who had been recruited by the American Cancer Society between 1992 and 1993,so it could monitor the incidence of cancer in the group.
They were asked to complete questionnaires on their health and on how much time they were active and participating in activities such as walking, swimming and aerobics（有氧运动）and how much time they spent
sitting watching television or reading.They completed the same questionnaires at two-year intervals between 1997 and 2009.Of the women,47%said walking was their only recreational activity.Those who walked for at least seven hours per week had a 14%lower risk of breast cancer compared to those who walked three or fewer hours per week.
Dr.Alpa Patel,a senior epidemiologist at the American Cancer Society in Atlanta,Georgia,who led the study,said:"Given that more than 60%of women report some daily walking,promoting walking as a
healthy leisure-time activity could be an effective strategy for increasing physical activity amongst post-menopausal women.We were pleased to find that without any other recreational activity,just walking one hour a day was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer in these women."" More strenuous（紧张的）and longer activities lowered the risk even more."
Baroness Delyth Morgan,chief executive of Breast Cancer Campaign,said:"This study adds further evidence that our lifestyle choices can play a part in influencing the risk of breast cancer and even small changes incorporated into our normal day-to-day activity can make a difference."
She added:"We know that the best weapon to overcoming breast cancer is the ability to stop it occurring in the first place.The challenge now is how we turn these findings into action and identify other sustainable lifestyle changes that will help us prevent breast cancer."
Dr.Alpa Patel was______.
A:chief editor of Cancer Epidemiology
B:chair of the American Cancer Society
C:chief executive of Breast Cancer Campaign
D:head of the survey study
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Few Facts about Singapore
1. Singapore is an independent city state in southeastern Asia,consisting of one major island-the Singapore Island-and more than 50 small islands,located off the southern tip of Malay.The city of Singapore,the capital of the country,is at the southeastern end of the Singapore Island;it is one of the most important port cities and commercial centers of Southeast Asia. The total area of the re- public is 640 sp.km.
2. Low lying Singapore Island has no outstanding relief（轮廓鲜明的）features. A central area of hills rises to the maximum height of 176 m.The country has a wet tropical climate,with an average annual temperature of 27 .20℃．The average annual rainfall is 2,413 mm;the wettest months are November through January.
3. Singapore is governed under a constitution of 1959.A president,elected to a four-year term is head of state,and a prime minister is head of government. The president used to be selected by Parliament ,but by a 1991 constitutional amendment（修正案）,the president is now elected direct-ly by the people.The Parliament is the law making body with its 81 members popularly elected.
4. In the late 1980s the country had some 290 primary schools with 278,300 pupils and 160 secondary schools with 200,200 students.The main institutions of higher education are the National
University of Singapore,several technical colleges,and a teachers college.
5. Singapore has one of the highest standards of living of any country in Asia. In the late 1980s the gross domestic product was estimated at$23 .7 billion,or$8,870 per person.The fishing industry is centered on the port of southwestern Singapore Island.Industry has grown rapidly since the 1 960s , and Singapore now produces a diversity（多样化的）of goods , including chemicals ,electronic items,clothing,and processed foods,etc.Shipbuilding and petroleum refining are also important.
Paragranh 5______
A: Education.
B: Land and climate.
C: State system.
D: Natural resources.
E: Economy of singapore.
F: Population.
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Will We Take Vacation in Spaces?
When Mike Kelly first set out to build his own private space-ferry service,he figured his bread-and-butter business would be lofting satellites into high-Earth orbit. Now he thinks he may have figured wrong.“People were always asking me when they could go,”says Kelly,who runs
Kelly Space TechnologT out of San Bernardino,Californi a.“I realized that real market is in space tourism.”
According to preliminary market surveys,there are 10,000 would-be-space-tourists willing to spend $1 million each to visit the final frontier. Space Adventure in Arlington,Virginia,has taken more than 1 30 deposits for a two-hour,$98,000 space tour tentatively(and somewhat dubiously)set to occur by 2005 .Gene Meyers of the Space Island Group says:“Space is the next exotic vacation spot.”
This may all sound great,but there are a few hurdles.Putting a simple satellite into orbit with no oxygen,life support or return trip necessary already costs an astronomical $22,000/kg.
And that doesn't include the cost of insuring rich and possibly litigious passenger. John Pike of the
Federation of American Scientists acerbically suggests that the entire group of entrepreneurs trying to corner the space tourism market have between them“just enough money to blow up one rocket.”The U .S.space agency has plenty of money but zero interest in making space less expensive for the little guys.So the little guys are racing to do what the government has failed to do:design a reusable launch system that's inexpensive,safe and reliable.Kelly Space's prototype looks like a plane that has sprouted rocket engines.Rotary Rocket in Redwood City,California,hasa booster with rotors make a helicopter-style return to Earth;Kistler Aerospace in Kirkland,Wash- ington,is piecing together its versions from old Soviet engines,shuttle-style thermal protection tiles and an elaborate parachute system.The first passenger countdowns are still years away,but bureaucrats at the Federal Aviation Administration in Washington are already informally discussing flight regulations.After all,you can't be too prepared for a trip to that galaxy far,far away.
For those who are intent on joining the 100-mile high club,Hilton and Budget are plotting to build space hotels.Before the Russian space Mir came down,some people were talking about using it as a low-rent space hotel to reduce the cost. If a space hotel is finally built in space,and if you're thinking of staying in it,you may want to check the Michelin ratings before booking yourself a suite.
Mike Kelly planned to turn his business of making bread and butter into a business that is engaged in space tourism.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
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Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores
Young adults who are fit have a higher IQ and are more likely to go on to university,reveals a major new
study_________(51)out at the Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hospital.
The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences(PNAS).The
study__________(52)1._________(1.)
2 million Swedish men doing military service who were born between 1950 and
1976._________(1976.)
The research group analyzed the ________(53)of both physical and IQ tests the youngsters took
right after they started serving the army.
The study shows a clear link _________(54)good physical fitness and better results for the IQ test.
The strongest links are for ________(55)thinking and verbal comprehension.But it is only fitness that
plays a _________ (56)in the results for the IQ test,and not strength."Being fit means that you also have
good heart and lung __________(57)and that your brain gets plenty of oxygen."says Michael Nilsson,pro-
fessor at the Sahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital."This may be
one of the reasons why we can see a clear link with fitness,but not with muscular_________(58).We are
also seeing that there are growth factors that are important."
By analyzing data for twins,the researchers have been________(59)to determine that it is primarily
environmental factors and not genes that___________(60)the link between fitness and a higher IQ.
"We have also shown that those youngsters who _______(61)their physical fitness between the ages
of 1 5 and 1 8 increase their performance."says Maria Aberg,researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and
physician at Aby health centre."This being the case,physical education is a_______(62)that has an
important place in schools,and is an absolute must________(63)we want to do well in math and other
theoretical subjects."
The researchers have also compared the results from fitness tests during national service_______(64)
the socioeconomic status of the men later in life.Those who were fit at I 8 were more__________(65)to go
into higher education,and many secured more qualified jobs.
_________(56)
A:game
B:place
C:role
D:trick
The doctor may recommend limiting the amount of fat in your diet.
A:order
B:insist
C:suggest
D:demand
