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共用题干First Self-contained Heart Implanted
A patient on the brink of death has received the world's first self-contained artificial heart一a battery-
powered device about the size of a softball that runs without the need for wires,tubes or hoses sticking out of
the chest.
Two surgeons from the University of Louisville implanted the titanium and plastic pump during a
seven-hour operation at Jewish Hospital Monday.The hospital said the patient was"awake and responsive"
Tuesday and resting comfortably.It refused to release personal details.
The patient had been expected to die within a month without the operation,and doctors said they
expected the artificial heart to extend the person's life by only a month.But the device is considered a major
step toward improving the patient's quality of life.
The new pump,called AbioCor,is also a technological leap from the mechanical hearts used in the
1980s,which were attached by wires and tubes to bulky machinery outside the body. The most famous of
those,the Jarvic-7,used air as a pumping device and was attached to an apparatus about the size of a washing
machine.
"I think it's potentially a major step forward in the artificial heart development,"said Dr. David Faxon,
president of the American Heart Association.However,he said the dream of an implantable,permanent
artificial heart is not yet a reality:"This is obviously an experimental device whose long-term success has to
be demonstrated."Only about half of the 4,200 Americans on a waiting list for donor hearts received them
last year,and most of the rest died.
Some doctors ,including Robert Higgins, chairman of cardiology（心脏病学）at the Medical College of
Virginia in Richmond,said artificial hearts are unlikely to replace donor hearts.
"A donor heart in a good transplant can last 15 to 30 years,"he said."It's going to be hard to replace
that with a machine."
The AbioCor has a 2-pound pumping unit,and electronic controls that adjust the pumping speed based
on the body's needs.It is powered by a small battery pack worn outside the body that transmits current
through the skin. Some doctors doubt the possibility of donor hearts being replaced by artificial ones.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned

相关标签：心脏病学

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患者女性，56岁，因“血糖升高10年，加重伴血尿6日”来诊。患者10年前空腹血糖8.4mmol/L，先后服用马来酸罗格列酮片、盐酸二甲双胍片等，血糖控制不稳定。6日前出现尿频、尿急、血尿，无尿痛，感下腹痛，无发热、寒战，于当地社区医院静脉滴注左氧氟沙星5日，仍不见好转。高血压病史13年，服用厄贝沙坦片与非洛地平缓释片，血压控制可；冠心病病史13年，规律服用丹参滴丸治疗，偶有胸痛、胸闷发作。查体：身高156cm，体重51kg。关于该患者降糖治疗方案，叙述错误的是（）

A、二甲双胍与罗格列酮联用可引起低血糖

B、用此方案期间应严密监测患者心脏功能

C、二甲双胍最常见的不良反应是乳酸性酸中毒

D、患者近期血糖升高可能与感染有关

E、二甲双胍常见胃肠道不良反应

F、罗格列酮禁用于纽约心脏病学会心功能分级为Ⅲ或Ⅳ级的心力衰竭患者

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共用题干
Most Adults in U.S.Have Low Risk of Heart Disease
More than 80 percent of U .S.adults have a less than 10-percent risk of developing heart dis- ease in the next 10 years,according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiolo-gy（心脏病学）.Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent.
“I hope that these numbers will give physicians,researchers,health policy analysts,and others a better idea of how coronary（心脏冠状动脉的）heart disease is distributed in the U. S. population ,” lead（带头的）author Dr. Earl S. Ford , from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta,said in a statement.
The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects,between 20 and 79 years of age , who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition（营养的供给）Examination Sur- vey from 1988 to 1994.
Overall,82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent,15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent,
The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age,and men were more likely than women to be in this group. By contrast, race or ethnicity（种族划分）had little effect on risk distributions.
Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10-year risk of heart disease,a large proportion have a high or immediate risk,Dr. Daniel S .Berman,from Cedars-Sinai Medi- cal Center in Los Angeles,and Dr. Nathan D.Wong,from the University of California at Irvine, note in a related editorial.
Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward,they add.
______does NOT have the least effect on risk distributions.
A: Age
B: Gender
C: Race
D: Blood group

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相关标签： 心脏病学

相关标签：心脏病学