相关试题
请阅读Passage 2，完成第小题。Passage 2Among China's greatest art treasures are the Buddhist caves near Dunhuang. Their ancient frescoes and sculptures have survived wars, environmental damage, antiquities hunters, and the chaotic Cultural Revolution.Today domestic tourism is the biggest threat: the UNESCO World Heritage site has an optimal capacity of 3,000 per day, but peak times can see twice that many visitors.The Mogao Grottoes are especially vulnerable to mass tourism. Their ecosystems are fragile. A buildup of humidity and carbon dioxide from visitors' breath can lead to flaking and discoloration of wall paintings.To preserve the caves, the Dunhuang Academy is pioneering a project to digitize the site.Recently, the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery in Washington, D.C., offered a tantalizing glimpse at the undertaking. Donning 3-D glasses, visitors were transported into a breathtaking "virtual" Dunhuang grotto, known as Cave 220. The 3-D, interactive experience is flooded with vivid color, close-up details, moving images of flying bodhisattvas, even sound, "Dunhuang ranks as the single most important repository of early Chinese art. Here the great cultures of the World--Greek and Roman,Persian and Middle Eastern, Indian and Chinese--constantly interacted for over a millennium,"said Mimi Gates, who formed the Dunhuang Foundation. "High-resolution digitization will provide a lasting record of this artistic treasure for all mankind and can make it accessible beyond China."A dozen years ago, the Dunhuang Academy began cooperating with foregoing institutions to conserve the treasures. Among the projects, one used a camera to create a digital archive of the caves. The results will be used in the academy which planned ＄40 million state-of-the-art visitor center which will present virtual tour of the caves to save the real site wear and tear. The scope of the project is daunting. It requires 20 minutes or so to record a 9-square-meter fresco, and there are 492 caves with murals inside. But the Sackler exhibit proved how enthralling the single virtual cave CaB be.Real caves provide no lightbulbs. Once they reach critical levels of moisture and temperature,they are shut to the public. Only a few dozen caves are accessible at any given time. But the Sackler's virtual tour was different. One of the most popular features was the "magnifying glass",which can zoom in on, say, a zither depicted in a mural. The instrument appears to pop out of the wall, enlarge, and then rotate in space. Visitors can also "flip" back and forth between the intricate Tang-dynasty mural and a later, cruder Sung-dynasty fresco.To help Cave 220's Tang dancer paintings magically come to life, two Chinese performers were flown to the Applied Laboratory for Interactive Visualization and Embodiment (ALIVE) in a Hong Kong university. For three days the dancers were filmed performing intricate steps, fluid movements, and careful manipulation of long, sinuous ribbons. They appeared in the Sackler tour,dancing as if in midair, clad in brightly colored Tang costume. ALIVE's project manager said while he's become intimately familiar with the images Cave 220, he hasn't been there yet. "I can't wait to visit the real thing."What does the underlined phrase "this artistic treasure" in PARAGRAPH 4refer to?查看材料
A．Dunhuang.B．Early Chinese art.C．Indian and Chinese art. ?D．Persian and Middle Eastern art.
请阅读Passaqe l，完成第小题。Passage 1Among the throngs of Americans prowling the malls and trawling e-commerce sites, many are looking out for themselves. Retail-research firm NPD Group said, thus far, about one third of consumers have engaged in what is called self-gifting. That's up from 12 percent in a typical pre-recession year, and up from the 19 percent who said they planned to do so last year. The National Retail Federation, the dispenser of all holiday-related data, said in 2012, nearly 60 percent of shoppers would do so.The latest step in the evolution of our burgeoning culture of narcissism? Yes. Self-gifting makes psychological and economic sense given what Americans have endured these years.THE POST-BUST(破产) era has been a long, hard, heroic slog of balance-sheet improvement.Americans have labored to save money and hack away at the huge mountain of debt they accumulated during the credit boom. According to the New York Federal Reserve, consumers have knocked down their aggregate debt load from $12.67 trillion in the third quarter of 2008 to $11.31 trillion in the third quarter of 2012; credit-card debt is off $192 billion from the peak. Americans have cut their load by spending more carefully and engaging in that most un-American of traits:self-abnegation.After living frugally for so much of the year and for so many years who can blame a parent at an Apple Store for buying herself a new iPad? Indeed, self-gifting may actually be a function of the new abstemiousness. Let's say you've been holding off on replacing your old television. Why not buy it around November or December when insane promotions and free shipping are available?Besides, it's not like self-gifters are solely interested in self-pleasure. An NRF survey said that the typical self-gifter would spend about $140 on himself this year. For comparison's sake, the survey said the typical shopper would spent about $750 in all.After a long period of economic madness(remember the housing bubble and the dotcom mess),self-gifting is a sign of much-needed economic rationality. Shopping for others involves a certain amount of wrong guesswork with negative financial consequence. This year, for example, CEB TowerGroup claims that Americans will load $110 billion onto gift cards and give them as presents.But the market-research firm says that about 1.6 percent of that total, about $1.7 billion, will go unused. Meanwhile, a large percentage of gifts wind up getting returned. Adults surveyed by BIG insight in November 2012 found that 35 percent of people reported returning at least some of their gifts. Returns induce guilt and raise the specter of uncomfortable conversations about what happened to that giant striped sweater. But more significant, returns are bad for the environment.They lead to more trips to the mall, higher shipping costs, and the unnecessary use of packaging materials.These days, the rise of e-commerce means shopping is now antiseptic: sit and click. With the charm gone, we have to come up with other ways to make the experience pleasurable.As the song goes, "Have yourself a merry little Christmas".What is the author's attitude towards online self-gifting?查看材料
A．Unclear. B．Neutral.C．Negative.D．Supportive.
请阅读Passaqe l，完成第小题。Passage 1Among the throngs of Americans prowling the malls and trawling e-commerce sites, many are looking out for themselves. Retail-research firm NPD Group said, thus far, about one third of consumers have engaged in what is called self-gifting. That's up from 12 percent in a typical pre-recession year, and up from the 19 percent who said they planned to do so last year. The National Retail Federation, the dispenser of all holiday-related data, said in 2012, nearly 60 percent of shoppers would do so.The latest step in the evolution of our burgeoning culture of narcissism? Yes. Self-gifting makes psychological and economic sense given what Americans have endured these years.THE POST-BUST(破产) era has been a long, hard, heroic slog of balance-sheet improvement.Americans have labored to save money and hack away at the huge mountain of debt they accumulated during the credit boom. According to the New York Federal Reserve, consumers have knocked down their aggregate debt load from $12.67 trillion in the third quarter of 2008 to $11.31 trillion in the third quarter of 2012; credit-card debt is off $192 billion from the peak. Americans have cut their load by spending more carefully and engaging in that most un-American of traits:self-abnegation.After living frugally for so much of the year and for so many years who can blame a parent at an Apple Store for buying herself a new iPad? Indeed, self-gifting may actually be a function of the new abstemiousness. Let's say you've been holding off on replacing your old television. Why not buy it around November or December when insane promotions and free shipping are available?Besides, it's not like self-gifters are solely interested in self-pleasure. An NRF survey said that the typical self-gifter would spend about $140 on himself this year. For comparison's sake, the survey said the typical shopper would spent about $750 in all.After a long period of economic madness(remember the housing bubble and the dotcom mess),self-gifting is a sign of much-needed economic rationality. Shopping for others involves a certain amount of wrong guesswork with negative financial consequence. This year, for example, CEB TowerGroup claims that Americans will load $110 billion onto gift cards and give them as presents.But the market-research firm says that about 1.6 percent of that total, about $1.7 billion, will go unused. Meanwhile, a large percentage of gifts wind up getting returned. Adults surveyed by BIG insight in November 2012 found that 35 percent of people reported returning at least some of their gifts. Returns induce guilt and raise the specter of uncomfortable conversations about what happened to that giant striped sweater. But more significant, returns are bad for the environment.They lead to more trips to the mall, higher shipping costs, and the unnecessary use of packaging materials.These days, the rise of e-commerce means shopping is now antiseptic: sit and click. With the charm gone, we have to come up with other ways to make the experience pleasurable.As the song goes, "Have yourself a merry little Christmas".What have the retail research and surveys revealed about self-gifting?查看材料
A．It hasn't helped improve balance sheets.B．It is an age-old practice for most Americans.C．It has been on the rise since the recent recession began.D．It has reflected the American tradition of self-abnegation.
请阅读Passage 2，完成第小题。Passage 2Among China's greatest art treasures are the Buddhist caves near Dunhuang. Their ancient frescoes and sculptures have survived wars, environmental damage, antiquities hunters, and the chaotic Cultural Revolution.Today domestic tourism is the biggest threat: the UNESCO World Heritage site has an optimal capacity of 3,000 per day, but peak times can see twice that many visitors.The Mogao Grottoes are especially vulnerable to mass tourism. Their ecosystems are fragile. A buildup of humidity and carbon dioxide from visitors' breath can lead to flaking and discoloration of wall paintings.To preserve the caves, the Dunhuang Academy is pioneering a project to digitize the site.Recently, the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery in Washington, D.C., offered a tantalizing glimpse at the undertaking. Donning 3-D glasses, visitors were transported into a breathtaking "virtual" Dunhuang grotto, known as Cave 220. The 3-D, interactive experience is flooded with vivid color, close-up details, moving images of flying bodhisattvas, even sound, "Dunhuang ranks as the single most important repository of early Chinese art. Here the great cultures of the World--Greek and Roman,Persian and Middle Eastern, Indian and Chinese--constantly interacted for over a millennium,"said Mimi Gates, who formed the Dunhuang Foundation. "High-resolution digitization will provide a lasting record of this artistic treasure for all mankind and can make it accessible beyond China."A dozen years ago, the Dunhuang Academy began cooperating with foregoing institutions to conserve the treasures. Among the projects, one used a camera to create a digital archive of the caves. The results will be used in the academy which planned ＄40 million state-of-the-art visitor center which will present virtual tour of the caves to save the real site wear and tear. The scope of the project is daunting. It requires 20 minutes or so to record a 9-square-meter fresco, and there are 492 caves with murals inside. But the Sackler exhibit proved how enthralling the single virtual cave CaB be.Real caves provide no lightbulbs. Once they reach critical levels of moisture and temperature,they are shut to the public. Only a few dozen caves are accessible at any given time. But the Sackler's virtual tour was different. One of the most popular features was the "magnifying glass",which can zoom in on, say, a zither depicted in a mural. The instrument appears to pop out of the wall, enlarge, and then rotate in space. Visitors can also "flip" back and forth between the intricate Tang-dynasty mural and a later, cruder Sung-dynasty fresco.To help Cave 220's Tang dancer paintings magically come to life, two Chinese performers were flown to the Applied Laboratory for Interactive Visualization and Embodiment (ALIVE) in a Hong Kong university. For three days the dancers were filmed performing intricate steps, fluid movements, and careful manipulation of long, sinuous ribbons. They appeared in the Sackler tour,dancing as if in midair, clad in brightly colored Tang costume. ALIVE's project manager said while he's become intimately familiar with the images Cave 220, he hasn't been there yet. "I can't wait to visit the real thing."What does the underlined word "daunting" in PARAGRAPH 5 probably mean?查看材料
A．Limited.B．Intimidating.C．Very broad.D．Rather exciting.
简述写作教学中“范文”的作用．并说明范文在教学中的使用步骤及每个步骤的教学目标。
