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请阅读短文，完成此题。Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their form and function, their dimensions and appearance, were determined by technologists, artisans, designers, inventors, and engineers-use nonscientific modes of thought. This kind of thinking way is differentfrom science. Many features and qualities of the objects that a technologist thinks about cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are dealt with the mind by a visual, nonverbal process. In the development of Western technology, it has been non-verbal thinking, by and large, that has fixed the outlines and filled in the details of our material surroundings. Pyramids, cathedrals, and rockets exist not because of geometry or thermodynamics, but because they were first a picture in the minds of those who built them.The creative shaping process of a technologist's mind can be seen in nearly every artifact that exists. For example, in designing a diesel engine, a technologist might impress individual ways of nonverbal thinking on the machine by continually using an intuitive sense of rightness and fitness.What would be the shape of the combustion chamber? Where should valves be placed? Should it have a long or short piston? Such questions have a range of answers that are supplied by experience, by physical requirements, by limitations of available space, and not least by a sense of form. Some decisions such as wall thickness and pin diameter, may depend on scientific calculations, but the nonscientific component of design remains primary.Design courses, then, should be an essential element in engineering curriculum. Nonverbal thinking of a central mechanism in engineering design, involves perceptions, the stock-in-trade of the artist, not the scientist. Because perceptive processes are not assumed to entail "hard thinking", nonverbal thought is sometimes seen as a primitive stage in the development of cognitive process and inferior to verbal or mathematical thought. But it is paradoxical that when the staff began the Historic American. Engineering Record wished to have drawing made of machines and isometric views of industrial processes for its historical record of America engineering, the only college students with the requisite abilities were not engineering students, but rather students attending architectural schools.If courses in design, which in a strongly analytical engineering curriculum provide the background required for practical problem-solving, are not provided, we can expect to encounter silly but costly errors occurring in advanced engineering systems. For example, early models of high-speed railroad cars loaded with sophisticated controls were unable to operate in a snowstorm because a fan sucked snow into the electrical system. Absurd random failures that plague automatic control systems are not merely trivial aberrations: they are a reflection of the chaos that results when design is assumed to be primarily a problem in mathematics.Which is not the reason that design courses should be an essential element in engineering curriculum?查看材料
A．Nonverbal thinking is a central mechanism in engineering design.B．Design courses can provide solutions to solve practical problems.C．Science course is not important and should be replaced by design courses.D．Ignorant of design courses may encounter silly but costly errors.
请阅读短文，完成此题。Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their form and function, their dimensions and appearance, were determined by technologists, artisans, designers, inventors, and engineers-use nonscientific modes of thought. This kind of thinking way is differentfrom science. Many features and qualities of the objects that a technologist thinks about cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are dealt with the mind by a visual, nonverbal process. In the development of Western technology, it has been non-verbal thinking, by and large, that has fixed the outlines and filled in the details of our material surroundings. Pyramids, cathedrals, and rockets exist not because of geometry or thermodynamics, but because they were first a picture in the minds of those who built them.The creative shaping process of a technologist's mind can be seen in nearly every artifact that exists. For example, in designing a diesel engine, a technologist might impress individual ways of nonverbal thinking on the machine by continually using an intuitive sense of rightness and fitness.What would be the shape of the combustion chamber? Where should valves be placed? Should it have a long or short piston? Such questions have a range of answers that are supplied by experience, by physical requirements, by limitations of available space, and not least by a sense of form. Some decisions such as wall thickness and pin diameter, may depend on scientific calculations, but the nonscientific component of design remains primary.Design courses, then, should be an essential element in engineering curriculum. Nonverbal thinking of a central mechanism in engineering design, involves perceptions, the stock-in-trade of the artist, not the scientist. Because perceptive processes are not assumed to entail "hard thinking", nonverbal thought is sometimes seen as a primitive stage in the development of cognitive process and inferior to verbal or mathematical thought. But it is paradoxical that when the staff began the Historic American. Engineering Record wished to have drawing made of machines and isometric views of industrial processes for its historical record of America engineering, the only college students with the requisite abilities were not engineering students, but rather students attending architectural schools.If courses in design, which in a strongly analytical engineering curriculum provide the background required for practical problem-solving, are not provided, we can expect to encounter silly but costly errors occurring in advanced engineering systems. For example, early models of high-speed railroad cars loaded with sophisticated controls were unable to operate in a snowstorm because a fan sucked snow into the electrical system. Absurd random failures that plague automatic control systems are not merely trivial aberrations: they are a reflection of the chaos that results when design is assumed to be primarily a problem in mathematics.What is the main idea of the first paragraph?查看材料
A．Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science.B．Nonscientific modes of thought are very important for material surroundings.C．Science is not significant for our daily supplies.D．Build a picture in your mind, then design.
请阅读短文，完成此题。Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their form and function, their dimensions and appearance, were determined by technologists, artisans, designers, inventors, and engineers-use nonscientific modes of thought. This kind of thinking way is differentfrom science. Many features and qualities of the objects that a technologist thinks about cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are dealt with the mind by a visual, nonverbal process. In the development of Western technology, it has been non-verbal thinking, by and large, that has fixed the outlines and filled in the details of our material surroundings. Pyramids, cathedrals, and rockets exist not because of geometry or thermodynamics, but because they were first a picture in the minds of those who built them.The creative shaping process of a technologist's mind can be seen in nearly every artifact that exists. For example, in designing a diesel engine, a technologist might impress individual ways of nonverbal thinking on the machine by continually using an intuitive sense of rightness and fitness.What would be the shape of the combustion chamber? Where should valves be placed? Should it have a long or short piston? Such questions have a range of answers that are supplied by experience, by physical requirements, by limitations of available space, and not least by a sense of form. Some decisions such as wall thickness and pin diameter, may depend on scientific calculations, but the nonscientific component of design remains primary.Design courses, then, should be an essential element in engineering curriculum. Nonverbal thinking of a central mechanism in engineering design, involves perceptions, the stock-in-trade of the artist, not the scientist. Because perceptive processes are not assumed to entail "hard thinking", nonverbal thought is sometimes seen as a primitive stage in the development of cognitive process and inferior to verbal or mathematical thought. But it is paradoxical that when the staff began the Historic American. Engineering Record wished to have drawing made of machines and isometric views of industrial processes for its historical record of America engineering, the only college students with the requisite abilities were not engineering students, but rather students attending architectural schools.If courses in design, which in a strongly analytical engineering curriculum provide the background required for practical problem-solving, are not provided, we can expect to encounter silly but costly errors occurring in advanced engineering systems. For example, early models of high-speed railroad cars loaded with sophisticated controls were unable to operate in a snowstorm because a fan sucked snow into the electrical system. Absurd random failures that plague automatic control systems are not merely trivial aberrations: they are a reflection of the chaos that results when design is assumed to be primarily a problem in mathematics.What is the author's attitude towards design courses?查看材料
A．Indifferent.B．Disapproving.C．Suspicious.D．Supporting.
请阅读短文，完成此题。In recent years, publishers, directors and TV producers have taken a keen interest in popularonline novels, thanks to their originality and solid fan base.Genre is an important factor. According to a survey by Chinese online literature platformCloudary, of t00 online novels whose copyrights were sold by Cloudary for adaption in 2012,modern city novels, historical romances and war stories were the most popular.Online author Liu Chenfeng's best-known novel A Clear Midsummer Night is a love story. Itattracted more than 30 million Web hits and won the top prize in the annual competition forChinese romance novels in 2012. A TV adaption of the book, starred by Yang Mi and Liu Kaiwei,was a huge hit when broadcast in 2013. The success of the TV adaption has brought Liu greaterpopularity and more confidence in her writing. "It's as if a feast prepared by me has beenappreciated by numerous diners, which is a great encouragement." Liu says.Literature websites, which are supreme headquarters collecting some outstanding works, haveplayed an important role in this trend. Major websites, such as Qidian.com and Hongxiu.com, whichare owned by Cloudary, have established special branches to help film and TV producers who arelooking for good stories and to deal with copyright licensing. Liu, who has entrusted the literaturewebsite Hongxiu.com to deal with her copyright licensing to TV producers, thinks it makes thingseasier for writers and allows them to focus more on their work.However, many other writers have sought to work closely with film and TV producers and playan active role in the adaption process of their own works. The authors really know the essence oftheir works. To some extent, their working together may produce better films or TV series. Theauthors' unique understanding about the original works is valued by producers and directors.Popular online writer Bao Jingjing worked with director Teng Huatao as the screenwriter forone of her online novels. The movie Love Is Not Blind, adapted from her story, became an instanthit in 2012.Bao graduated from Beijing Film Acadetny with a degree in literature. Her background gaveher extra weight in winning the director's trust. The experience has led Bao on a new career path.She won the award for best adapted screenplay at the d9th Golden Horse Awards in Taiwan in 2012.Since then, Bao has adapted another of her writings into a film and a TV series, both directedby Teng. "I am lucky. Now I have a job that I really enjoy," Bao says. While writing novels online,Bao adds that she will consider the possibility of her works being adapted into films or TV, and avoids sentences that might be difficult for actors.Which of the following is not the most popular genre of online novels?查看材料
A．Modern city novels.B．Historical romances.C．Science fiction.D．War stories.
请阅读短文，完成此题。In recent years, publishers, directors and TV producers have taken a keen interest in popularonline novels, thanks to their originality and solid fan base.Genre is an important factor. According to a survey by Chinese online literature platformCloudary, of t00 online novels whose copyrights were sold by Cloudary for adaption in 2012,modern city novels, historical romances and war stories were the most popular.Online author Liu Chenfeng's best-known novel A Clear Midsummer Night is a love story. Itattracted more than 30 million Web hits and won the top prize in the annual competition forChinese romance novels in 2012. A TV adaption of the book, starred by Yang Mi and Liu Kaiwei,was a huge hit when broadcast in 2013. The success of the TV adaption has brought Liu greaterpopularity and more confidence in her writing. "It's as if a feast prepared by me has beenappreciated by numerous diners, which is a great encouragement." Liu says.Literature websites, which are supreme headquarters collecting some outstanding works, haveplayed an important role in this trend. Major websites, such as Qidian.com and Hongxiu.com, whichare owned by Cloudary, have established special branches to help film and TV producers who arelooking for good stories and to deal with copyright licensing. Liu, who has entrusted the literaturewebsite Hongxiu.com to deal with her copyright licensing to TV producers, thinks it makes thingseasier for writers and allows them to focus more on their work.However, many other writers have sought to work closely with film and TV producers and playan active role in the adaption process of their own works. The authors really know the essence oftheir works. To some extent, their working together may produce better films or TV series. Theauthors' unique understanding about the original works is valued by producers and directors.Popular online writer Bao Jingjing worked with director Teng Huatao as the screenwriter forone of her online novels. The movie Love Is Not Blind, adapted from her story, became an instanthit in 2012.Bao graduated from Beijing Film Acadetny with a degree in literature. Her background gaveher extra weight in winning the director's trust. The experience has led Bao on a new career path.She won the award for best adapted screenplay at the d9th Golden Horse Awards in Taiwan in 2012.Since then, Bao has adapted another of her writings into a film and a TV series, both directedby Teng. "I am lucky. Now I have a job that I really enjoy," Bao says. While writing novels online,Bao adds that she will consider the possibility of her works being adapted into films or TV, and avoids sentences that might be difficult for actors.Which of the following is not the element that leads to Bao's success?查看材料
A．Bao graduated from Beijing Film Academy with a degree in literature.B．The movie Love Is Not Blind brings her much fame and popularity.C．The movie Love Is Not Blind is adapted by her own experience.D．She really enjoys adapting writings into a film and a TV series.
