Passage 1It's one of our common beliefs that mice are afraid of cats. Scientists have long known that even if a mouse has never seen a cat before, it is still able to detect chemical signals released from it and run away in fear. This has always been thought to be something that is hard-wired into a mouse s brain.But now Wendy Ingram, a graduate student at the University of California, Berkeley, has challenged this common sense. She has found a way to"cure" mice of their inborn fear of cats by infecting them with a parasite, reported the science journal Nature.The parasite, called Toxoplasma gondii, might sound unfamiliar to you, but the shocking fact is that up to one-third of people around the world are infected by it. This parasite can cause different diseases among humans, especially pregnant women--it is linked to blindness and the death of unborn babies.However, the parasite's effects on mice are unique. Ingram and her team measured how mice reacted to a cat's urine(尿) before and after it was infected by the parasite. They noted that normal mice stayed far away from the urine while mice that were infected with the parasite walked freely around the test area.But that's not all. The parasite was found to be more powerful than originally thought—even after researchers cured the mice of the infection. They no longer reacted with fear to a cat's smell,which could indicate that the infection has caused a permanent change in mice's brains.Why does a parasite change a mouse's brain instead of making it sick like it does to humans?The answer lies in evolution."It's exciting scary to know how a parasite can manipulate a mouse's brain this way," Ingram said. But she also finds it inspiring."Typically if you have a bacterial infection, you go to a doctor and take antibiotics and the infection is cleared and you expect all the symptoms to also go away."She said, but this study has proven that wrong."This may have huge implications for infectious disease medicine."The experiment found that mice infected with toxoplasma gondii__________.
A. stayed far away from cat's urineB. moved around the area freely and tearlesslyC. because more sensitive to cat's smellD. were more afraid of cats

Passage 1It's one of our common beliefs that mice are afraid of cats. Scientists have long known that even if a mouse has never seen a cat before, it is still able to detect chemical signals released from it and run away in fear. This has always been thought to be something that is hard-wired into a mouse s brain.But now Wendy Ingram, a graduate student at the University of California, Berkeley, has challenged this common sense. She has found a way to"cure" mice of their inborn fear of cats by infecting them with a parasite, reported the science journal Nature.The parasite, called Toxoplasma gondii, might sound unfamiliar to you, but the shocking fact is that up to one-third of people around the world are infected by it. This parasite can cause different diseases among humans, especially pregnant women--it is linked to blindness and the death of unborn babies.However, the parasite's effects on mice are unique. Ingram and her team measured how mice reacted to a cat's urine(尿) before and after it was infected by the parasite. They noted that normal mice stayed far away from the urine while mice that were infected with the parasite walked freely around the test area.But that's not all. The parasite was found to be more powerful than originally thought—even after researchers cured the mice of the infection. They no longer reacted with fear to a cat's smell,which could indicate that the infection has caused a permanent change in mice's brains.Why does a parasite change a mouse's brain instead of making it sick like it does to humans?The answer lies in evolution."It's exciting scary to know how a parasite can manipulate a mouse's brain this way," Ingram said. But she also finds it inspiring."Typically if you have a bacterial infection, you go to a doctor and take antibiotics and the infection is cleared and you expect all the symptoms to also go away."She said, but this study has proven that wrong."This may have huge implications for infectious disease medicine."The underlined part "hard-wired" in Paragraph 1 probably means__________.
A. deeply rootedB. quickly changedC. closely linkedD. deeply hurried

Passage 1It's one of our common beliefs that mice are afraid of cats. Scientists have long known that even if a mouse has never seen a cat before, it is still able to detect chemical signals released from it and run away in fear. This has always been thought to be something that is hard-wired into a mouse s brain.But now Wendy Ingram, a graduate student at the University of California, Berkeley, has challenged this common sense. She has found a way to"cure" mice of their inborn fear of cats by infecting them with a parasite, reported the science journal Nature.The parasite, called Toxoplasma gondii, might sound unfamiliar to you, but the shocking fact is that up to one-third of people around the world are infected by it. This parasite can cause different diseases among humans, especially pregnant women--it is linked to blindness and the death of unborn babies.However, the parasite's effects on mice are unique. Ingram and her team measured how mice reacted to a cat's urine(尿) before and after it was infected by the parasite. They noted that normal mice stayed far away from the urine while mice that were infected with the parasite walked freely around the test area.But that's not all. The parasite was found to be more powerful than originally thought—even after researchers cured the mice of the infection. They no longer reacted with fear to a cat's smell,which could indicate that the infection has caused a permanent change in mice's brains.Why does a parasite change a mouse's brain instead of making it sick like it does to humans?The answer lies in evolution."It's exciting scary to know how a parasite can manipulate a mouse's brain this way," Ingram said. But she also finds it inspiring."Typically if you have a bacterial infection, you go to a doctor and take antibiotics and the infection is cleared and you expect all the symptoms to also go away."She said, but this study has proven that wrong."This may have huge implications for infectious disease medicine."The passage is mainly about__________.
A. mice' s inborn terror of catsB. the evolution of ToxoplasmaC. a new study about the effects of a parasite on miceD. a harmful parasite called Toxoplasma gondii

根据题目要求完成下列任务。用中文作答。板书设计的作用是什么(8分)?板书的类型有哪些(列举至少三种并说明)(12分)?

Passage 1It's one of our common beliefs that mice are afraid of cats. Scientists have long known that even if a mouse has never seen a cat before, it is still able to detect chemical signals released from it and run away in fear. This has always been thought to be something that is hard-wired into a mouse s brain.But now Wendy Ingram, a graduate student at the University of California, Berkeley, has challenged this common sense. She has found a way to"cure" mice of their inborn fear of cats by infecting them with a parasite, reported the science journal Nature.The parasite, called Toxoplasma gondii, might sound unfamiliar to you, but the shocking fact is that up to one-third of people around the world are infected by it. This parasite can cause different diseases among humans, especially pregnant women--it is linked to blindness and the death of unborn babies.However, the parasite's effects on mice are unique. Ingram and her team measured how mice reacted to a cat's urine(尿) before and after it was infected by the parasite. They noted that normal mice stayed far away from the urine while mice that were infected with the parasite walked freely around the test area.But that's not all. The parasite was found to be more powerful than originally thought—even after researchers cured the mice of the infection. They no longer reacted with fear to a cat's smell,which could indicate that the infection has caused a permanent change in mice's brains.Why does a parasite change a mouse's brain instead of making it sick like it does to humans?The answer lies in evolution."It's exciting scary to know how a parasite can manipulate a mouse's brain this way," Ingram said. But she also finds it inspiring."Typically if you have a bacterial infection, you go to a doctor and take antibiotics and the infection is cleared and you expect all the symptoms to also go away."She said, but this study has proven that wrong."This may have huge implications for infectious disease medicine."Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Toxoplasma gondii causes people strange and deadly diseases.B. With certain infection the infectious disease cannot be cured completely.C. Human beings infected by toxoplasma gondii will have permanent brain damage.D. Toxoplasma gondii is harmful to human beings, but it does no harm to mice.

When a student said in class,"I come home at 6 o'clock yesterday", the teacher said"Came not corned". Which rule of effective feedback does the teacher Not obey?
A. Relevance.B. Accuracy.C. Guidance.D. Timeliness.

付款人在进行付款时无（）

A.形式审查义务

B.实质审查义务

C.附带审查义务

D.票据外有关事项的审查义务

根据《公司法》的规定,有限责任公司下列人员中,可以提议召开股东会临时会议的是()。
A.总经理B.人数过半数的股东C.监事会主席D.人数为半数的董事

关于股份有限公司中的监事会，下列说法错误的是()

A.监事会负责提议聘请或更换外部审计机构B.监事会主席和副主席由全体监事过半数选举产生C.监事会中的职工代表的比例不得低于三分之一D.监事会应至少每6个月召开一次会议

三北精神的科学内涵

阿里巴巴提供了“企业名称认证”“企业身份认证”不同种类的认证,可以根据自身的