[单项选择题]（）动物是头部长角的哺乳动物。
A.偶蹄目
B.奇蹄目
C.灵长目
D.啮齿目
鼠疫耶尔森菌的储存宿主是
A、啮齿目
B、灵长目
C、蚤目
D、偶蹄目
E、翼手目
根据现阶段的推测，艾滋病现金比较公认的来源是（）动物。
A、灵长目
B、食肉目
C、啮齿目
D、单孔目
在所有生物中只有人类要经历青春期，即在完全成熟前的一段身体加速发育的时间，其他现已灭绝的只能从化石中研究的灵长目动物是否也有青春期就不得而知了，因为：以下哪一项能最合乎逻辑地完成题干的论述？（)
A．身体发育的最低速度表明青春期可能因物种不同而不同。
B．化石记录虽然仍在不断增加，但总会是不完整的。
C．检测青春期迅速发育须要对同一个人的不同年龄段进行测量。
D．已绝迹的灵长目动物的完整骨架极其稀有。
以下哪一项能最合乎逻辑地完成下段论述？在所有生物中，只有人类要经历青春期，即在完全成熟前的一段身体加速发育的时间，其他现已灭绝的只能从化石中研究的灵长目动物是否也有青春期就不得而知了，因为______。
A．身体发育的最低速度表明青春期可能因物种不同而不同
B．化石记录虽然仍在不断增加，但总是不完整的
C．检测青春期迅速发育需要对同一个人的不同年龄段进行测量
D．已绝迹的灵长目动物的完整骨架极端稀有
[单项选择题]下列哪一类动物的拇指（趾）与其它指（趾）相对握（）。
A.食虫目，如刺猬
B.灵长目，如猴.人等
C.啮齿目，如松鼠
D.翼手目，如蝙蝠
下列与动物分类有关的说法，错误的是：
- A.狮、虎、豹都是大型猫科动物
- B.长臂猿和大猩猩同属于灵长目
- C.节肢动物门的动物种类最多
- D.鳄鱼和大鲵都属于两栖动物
灵长目动物随着群体规模的扩大．需要处理的信息量也大得令人头疼。在一个有五位成员的群体中，成员间共有十组双边关系；在20个成员的团体中，双边关系数量上升到190组；50个成员的团体则升至1225组。________。大脑皮层越大，它们所能应付的群体规模也就越大。与此同时，即便是最聪明的灵长目动物——人类，也不具备在一个无限大的群体中的处理能力。
填入划横线部分最恰当的一句是：A.这样的社交生活需要强大的大脑|B.族群成员的相处并非易事|C.人类群体的规模上限取决于大脑皮层|D.双边关系数量的激增促进了大脑的进化|
[单选]灵长目动物随着群体规模的扩大．需要处理的信息量也大得令人头疼。在一个有五位成员的群体中，成员间共有十组双边关系；在20个成员的团体中，双边关系数量上升到190组；50个成员的团体则升至1225组。________。大脑皮层越大，它们所能应付的群体规模也就越大。与此同时，即便是最聪明的灵长目动物——人类，也不具备在一个无限大的群体中的处理能力。填入划横线部分最恰当的一句是：
A．这样的社交生活需要强大的大脑
B．族群成员的相处并非易事
C．人类群体的规模上限取决于大脑皮层
D．双边关系数量的激增促进了大脑的进化
Men live in society not because they are men, but because they are animals. The social way of life is a stage in the evolution of life prior to the appearance of the human race.What is distinctive about man is that he had developed social organization far more quickly than any other animal species, so that it is a giant step in complexity between the most elaborate non-human society and the most elementary society of men. Human society shares characteristics with animal societies; it is formed by a given population of individuals, all belonging to the same species. It shows an internal specialization of tasks. Individuals interact as members of the same species and possess one common language which sets them apart from other species. The level of population is perpetuated by means of biological reproduction and of constant struggle against the environment. Similarities like these became conspicuous when human social organization is compared with that of other primates (灵长目).
下列关于正畸治疗前期的训练矫治器,说法不正确的是()。
A、功能矫治的优势在于对错颌畸形的早期治疗和骨矫形的治疗效果，这些是通过固定矫治治疗所不可能达到的
B、功能矫治的缺点在于排牙的能力差，复杂和昂贵的制作
C、为了提高效果而经过改善的功能矫治器，却出现容易破损和难以让病人配合等问题
D、具备改善软组织功能，如吐舌，反向吞咽，口腔坏习惯和口呼吸，这些功能都对牙齿的发育和排列有重大的影响
E、压制对于舌头正确定位和功能的矫正，产生和1960年代哈佛在灵长目动物上的研究背道而驰的效果
生物多样性是生态系统稳定性的基本保障，这是充满生命的地球的基本特征，也是人类赖以生存的无价之宝。但是，人类活动正在以惊人的速度减少生物多样性。20世纪以来，平均每天有一个物种灭绝，而进入90年代，科学家们估计每天灭绝140个物种，因而全世界有10%的高等植物和3/4的鸟类的生存受到威胁，全球270种龟类爬行动物中的42%、150种灵长目中的2/3濒临灭绝。
A.多样的地球生物的种类正呈锐减趋势
B.生物多样性是人类赖以生存的基础
C.人类活动对地球生态系统产生严重影响
D.如何保护地球生物多样性
s="" environment="" from="" hot="" to="" cold,="" wet="" dry="" and="" back="" again="" over="" a="" time="" period="" stretching="" hundreds="" of="" millions="" years.Most importantly, scientists are beginning to realize that the climatic changes have had a major impact on the evolution of the human species. New research now suggests that climate shifts have played a key role in nearly every significant turning point in human evolution: from the dawn of primates (灵长目动物)some 65 million years ago to human ancestors rising up to walk on two legs, from the huge expansion of the human brain to the rise of agriculture. Indeed, the human history has not been merely touched by global climate change, some scientists argue, it has in some instances been driven by it.The new research has profound implications for the environmental summit in Rio. Among other things, the findings (demonstrate that dramatic climate change is nothing new for planet Earth. The benign (宜人的) global environment that has existed over the past 10,000 years——during which agriculture, writing, cities and most other features of civilization appeared—is a mere bright spot in a much larger pattern of widely varying climate over the ages. In fact, the pattern of climate change in the past reveals that Earth's climate will almost certainly go through dramatic changes in the future—even without the influence of human activity.1.Farming emerged as a survival strategy because man had been obliged .2.Earth scientists have come to understand that climate （ ）.3. Scientists believe that human evolution （ ）.4.Evidence of past climatic changes indicates that （ ）.5.The message the author wishes to convey in the passage is that（ ）.'>
When global warming finally came, it stuck with a vengeance. In some regions, temperatures rose several degrees in less than a century. Sea levels shot up nearly 400 feet, flooding coastal settlements and forcing people to migrate inland. Deserts spread throughout the world as vegetation shifted drastically in North America, Europe and Asia. After driving many of the animals around them to near extinction, people were forced to abandon their old way of life for a radically new survival strategy that resulted in widespread starvation and disease. The adaptation was farming: the global-warming crisis that gave rise to it happened more than 10,000 years ago.As environmentalists convene in Rio de Janeiro this week to ponder the global climate of the future, earth scientists are in the midst of a revolution in understanding how climate has changed in the past and how those changes have transformed human existence. Researchers have begun to piece together an illuminating picture of the powerful geological and astronomical forces that have combined to change the planet's environment from hot to cold, wet to dry and back again over a time period stretching back hundreds of millions of years.Most importantly, scientists are beginning to realize that the climatic changes have had a major impact on the evolution of the human species. New research now suggests that climate shifts have played a key role in nearly every significant turning point in human evolution: from the dawn of primates (灵长目动物)some 65 million years ago to human ancestors rising up to walk on two legs, from the huge expansion of the human brain to the rise of agriculture. Indeed, the human history has not been merely touched by global climate change, some scientists argue, it has in some instances been driven by it.The new research has profound implications for the environmental summit in Rio. Among other things, the findings (demonstrate that dramatic climate change is nothing new for planet Earth. The benign (宜人的) global environment that has existed over the past 10,000 years——during which agriculture, writing, cities and most other features of civilization appeared—is a mere bright spot in a much larger pattern of widely varying climate over the ages. In fact, the pattern of climate change in the past reveals that Earth's climate will almost certainly go through dramatic changes i
When global warming finally came, it stuck with a vengeance. In some regions, temperatures rose several degrees in less than a century. Sea levels shot up nearly 400 feet, flooding coastal settlements and forcing people to migrate inland. Deserts spread throughout the world as vegetation shifted drastically in North America, Europe and Asia. After driving many of the animals around them to near extinction, people were forced to abandon their old way of life for a radically new survival strategy that resulted in widespread starvation and disease. The adaptation was farming: the global-warming crisis that gave rise to it happened more than 10,000 years ago.As environmentalists convene in Rio de Janeiro this week to ponder the global climate of the future, earth scientists are in the midst of a revolution in understanding how climate has changed in the past and how those changes have transformed human existence. Researchers have begun to piece together an illuminating picture of the powerful geological and astronomical forces that have combined to change the planet's environment from hot to cold, wet to dry and back again over a time period stretching back hundreds of millions of years.Most importantly, scientists are beginning to realize that the climatic changes have had a major impact on the evolution of the human species. New research now suggests that climate shifts have played a key role in nearly every significant turning point in human evolution: from the dawn of primates (灵长目动物)some 65 million years ago to human ancestors rising up to walk on two legs, from the huge expansion of the human brain to the rise of agriculture. Indeed, the human history has not been merely touched by global climate change, some scientists argue, it has in some instances been driven by it.The new research has profound implications for the environmental summit in Rio. Among other things, the findings (demonstrate that dramatic climate change is nothing new for planet Earth. The benign (宜人的) global environment that has existed over the past 10,000 years——during which agriculture, writing, cities and most other features of civilization appeared—is a mere bright spot in a much larger pattern of widely varying climate over the ages. In fact, the pattern of climate change in the past reveals that Earth's climate will almost certainly go through dramatic changes i">查看答案
生物多样性是生态系统稳定性的基本保障，这是充满生命的地球的基本特征，也是人类赖以生存的无价之宝。但是，人类活动正在以惊人的速度减少生物多样性。20世纪以来，平均每天有一个物种灭绝，而进入90年代，科学家们估计每天灭绝140个物种，因而全世界有10%的高等植物和3/4的鸟类的生存受到威胁，全球270种龟类爬行动物中的42%、150种灵长目中的2/3濒临灭绝。这段文字意在强调（）。
A.多样的地球生物的种类正呈锐减趋势B.生物多样性是人类赖以生存的基础C.人类活动对地球生态系统产生严重影响D.如何保护地球生物多样性。
题目生物多样性是生态系统稳定性的基本保障，这是充满生命的地球的基本特征，也是人类赖以生存的无价之宝。但是，人类生活正在以惊人的速度减少生物多样性。20世纪以来，平均每天有一个物种灭绝，而进入90年代，科学家们估计每天灭绝140个物种，因而全世界有10%的高等植物和3/4的鸟类的生存受到威胁，全球270种龟类爬行动物中的42%，150种灵长目中的2/3濒临灭绝。
这段文字意在强调（ ）。
A:生物多样性是人类赖以生存的基础
B:如何保护地球生物多样性
C:多样的地球生物的种类正呈锐减趋势
D:人类活动对地球生态系统产生严重影响
许多人一想到一只蜘蛛在自己的手臂上爬，或一条蛇缠着自己的腿向上爬，就会不寒而栗，在发达国家，1%至5%的人患有蜘蛛或蛇类恐惧症。德国和瑞典的研究人员开展研究后发现，就连婴儿都会在看到蜘蛛或蛇类时作出应急反应。研究人员得出的结论是，对蛇类和蜘蛛的恐惧有其进化起源，与灵长目动物或蛇类类似，我们大脑中的结构让我们能够快速识别物体并对它们作出反应。这段文字意在说明：()
A.怕蛇和蜘蛛是想象的作用
B.发达国家更加害怕蛇和蜘蛛
C.害怕蛇和蜘蛛是人类的天性
D.人类大脑的反应机制类似蛇
共用题干Vision
Human vision like that of other primates（灵长目）has evolved in an arboreal（丛林）environment.______(46)
In the course of evolution,members of the primate line have acquired large eyes while the nose has shrunk.______ (47) Of mammals（哺乳动物）only humans and some primates enjoy color vision.______(48)Horses live in a single-color world.
Light visible to human eyes,however,occupies only a very narrow band in the whole electromagnetic spectrum（光谱）.Ultraviolet rays（紫外线）are invisible to humans though ants and honeybees are sensitive to them.______(49)The world would look terribly different if human eyes were、 sensitive to infrared radiation（红外线）.Then instead of the darkness of night,we would be able to move easily in a strange shadowless world.______(50)
But human eyes excel in other ways. They are in fact remarkably discerning in color gradation. The color sensitivity of normal human vision is rarely surpassed even by complicated technical devices. _________（50）A:Humans have no direct perception of infrared rays.B:In the dense complex world of a tropical forest,it is more important to see well than to develop an acute sense of smell.C:That gives the eye a wilder view.D:The red flag is black to the bull.E:There are different mammals in tropical forest.F: In this world,objects glowed with varying degrees of intensity.
著名的邓巴数理论认为，人类智力许你拥有稳定社交人数最多为150人但这并不排除人类在社交生活中重新设定认知上限的可能性——人类已经傲到过这一点。与其他灵长目近亲相比，人类之所以能应付规模大得多的社交圈，原因在于数万年前人类发明了语言。狒狒通过轮流抓虱子的方式来巩固感情，而人类用修辞、八卦、演说、唱歌、讲故事和开玩笑等方式聚到一起。正是语言使得人类大脑的处理能力扩大到了150人。除非_____，否则我们的社交能力仍将保持在150人。
A.人类大脑处理信息的能力加速进化
B.网络化社交得到长足发展
C.彼此沟通的成本进一步降低
D.有像语言那样具有革命性意义的事物出现
In Sports, Red Is the Winning Color When opponents of a game are equally matched, the team dressed in red is more likely to win, according to a new study. British anthropologists Russell Hill and Robert Barton of the University of Durham reached that conclusion by studying the outcomes of boxing, tae kwon do, Greco-Roman wrestling (摔跤),and freestyle wrestling matches at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. In each event, Olympic staff randomly assigned red or blue clothing or body protection to competitors. When competitors were equally matched with their opponent in fitness and skill, the athletes wearing red were more likely to win. "Where there was a large point difference — presumably because one athlete was far superior to the other — color had no effect on the outcome," Barton said. "Where there was a small point difference, the effect of color was sufficient to tip the balance.” Joanna Setchell, a primate (灵长目)researcher at the University of Cambridge in England, has found similar results in nature. Her work with the large African monkeys known as mandrills shows that red coloration gives males an advantage when it comes to mating. The finding that red also has an advantage in human sporting events does not surprise her, and she adds that "the idea of the study is very clever." Hill and Barton got the idea for their study from a mutual interest in primates — "red seems to be the color, across species, that signals male dominance," Barton said. For example, studies by Setchell, the Cambridge primate researcher, show that dominant male mandrills have increased red coloration in their faces and rumps (臀部). In another study, scientists put red plastic rings on the legs of male zebra finches (斑胸草雀), which increased the birds’ success in finding a mate. Barton said he and Hill speculated that "there might be a similar effect in humans.” Hill and Barton found their answer by viewing Olympic competitors in the ring, on the mat, and in the field. "Across a range of sports, we find that wearing red is consistently associated with a higher probability of winning, the researchers write. Barton adds that this discovery of red’s advantage might lead to new regulations on sports uniforms. In the Olympic matches he studied, for example, it is possible that some medal winners may have had an unintended advantage — their clothing!Many athletes oppose the new regulations on sports uniforms. A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned
In Sports, Red Is the Winning Color When opponents of a game are equally matched, the team dressed in red is more likely to win, according to a new study. British anthropologists Russell Hill and Robert Barton of the University of Durham reached that conclusion by studying the outcomes of boxing, tae kwon do, Greco-Roman wrestling (摔跤),and freestyle wrestling matches at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. In each event, Olympic staff randomly assigned red or blue clothing or body protection to competitors. When competitors were equally matched with their opponent in fitness and skill, the athletes wearing red were more likely to win. "Where there was a large point difference — presumably because one athlete was far superior to the other — color had no effect on the outcome," Barton said. "Where there was a small point difference, the effect of color was sufficient to tip the balance.” Joanna Setchell, a primate (灵长目)researcher at the University of Cambridge in England, has found similar results in nature. Her work with the large African monkeys known as mandrills shows that red coloration gives males an advantage when it comes to mating. The finding that red also has an advantage in human sporting events does not surprise her, and she adds that "the idea of the study is very clever." Hill and Barton got the idea for their study from a mutual interest in primates — "red seems to be the color, across species, that signals male dominance," Barton said. For example, studies by Setchell, the Cambridge primate researcher, show that dominant male mandrills have increased red coloration in their faces and rumps (臀部). In another study, scientists put red plastic rings on the legs of male zebra finches (斑胸草雀), which increased the birds’ success in finding a mate. Barton said he and Hill speculated that "there might be a similar effect in humans.” Hill and Barton found their answer by viewing Olympic competitors in the ring, on the mat, and in the field. "Across a range of sports, we find that wearing red is consistently associated with a higher probability of winning, the researchers write. Barton adds that this discovery of red’s advantage might lead to new regulations on sports uniforms. In the Olympic matches he studied, for example, it is possible that some medal winners may have had an unintended advantage — their clothing! Both Hill and Barton wanted to find out if color affects the outcomes of sports matches. A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned
