Life is often（） to a dream.
1. According to the passage, before taking a job, a person should（ ）.2. What can be inferred from Beth’s story?3. We can learn from the passage that（ ）.4. To get a pay raise, a person on should（ ）.5. To be successful in negotiations, one must（ ）.
'>It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational constraints （约束）influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you don't at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increases. Consider Beth's story:I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it. We had cubicle （小隔间）offices and window offices. I sat in the cubicles with several male colleagues. One by one they were moved into window offices, while I remained in the cubicles. Several males who were hired after me also went to offices. One in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had been part of his negotiations for the job. I guess they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since I did not voice my opinion either way.It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but "nice" isn't a quality attributed to most organizations. If you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay, you'll probably have to ask for it.Performance is your best bargaining chip（筹码）when you are seeking a raise. You must be able to demonstrate that you deserve a raise. Timing is also a good bargaining chip. If you can give your boss something he or she needs （a new client or a sizable contract, for example） just before merit pay decisions are being made, you are more likely to get the raise you want.Use information as a bargaining chip too. Find out what you are worth on the open market. What will someone else pay for your services?Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the appropriate time and prepared to use communication style to guide the direction of the interaction.
1. According to the passage, before taking a job, a person should（ ）.2. What can be inferred from Beth’s story?3. We can learn from the passage that（ ）.4. To get a pay raise, a person on should（ ）.5. To be successful in negotiations, one must（ ）.
A.demonstrate his capaIf the whole operation______ beforehand a great deal of time and money would have been lost.
These are two（）issues, but people often take them as one.
All living creatures have some（ ）that are passed on from one generation to the next.
A detailed and thorough research project undertaken by the Open University recently reported that their evidence appears to show that competition between nearby schools does not significantly improve academic standards. Indeed, their report inclines to the opposite outcome; the exam results may actually decline where competition is fiercest.When the further education sector was " privatized" a few years ago, competition between colleges became truly fierce, at least in urban areas where potential students could choose between several of them. Colleges appointed highly paid marketing directors and gave them large budgets; some even "bribed." interested students with promises of hundreds of pounds if they completed certain courses satisfactorily.Fully competitive markets being a philosophical foundation of Britain's recent governments, it was no surprise to hear claims that many educational developments of the 1990s would move us towards a free market in secondary education---giving youngsters and their parents a free choice of where to study. However, the secondary sector did not become particularly competitive while, admittedly, the consumers have been given more information, which is one aspect of a truly free market. It is very rare that two nearby schools with at least some empty places are similar enough to be comparable yet different enough to be rankable; only where that occurs can there be true competition.The Open University research was probably not flawed---but its conclusions are. This is because the team did not really compare areas having true competition（as just defineD. with areas that do not.But, let us all breathe a sigh of relief. Secondary schools had started of late to move in the marketing direction——considering allocating scarce resources of staff and money to persuading the pupils that their schools are the best in the area. No schools could afford to do that properly, so it is a relief to realize this research tells us we don't have to.Competition? We haven't got time for it! Let's spend our small budget in teaching and learning, not in competing and marketing.1. It is indicated in the passage that competition between schools results in（ ）.2. Real competition can happen only when（ ）.3. According to the passage, the free market