Michael Fish may soon be replaced as a weather forecaster by something truly fishier---the shark(鲨鱼). Research by a British biology student suggests that sharks could be used to predict storms. Lauren Smith, 24, is close to completing her study on shark’s ability to sense pressure. If her studies prove the theory, scientists may be able to monitor the behaviour of sharks to predict bad weather. Miss Smith had previously studied the behaviour of lemon sharks in the Bahamas. She then used their close relatives, lesser spotted dogfish, for further research at Aberdeen University. Her work---thought to be the first of its kind to test the pressure theory ---- resulted from the observation that juvenile blacktip sharks off Florida moved into deeper water ahead of a violent storm in 2001. Miss Smith said: “I’ve always been crazy about traveling and diving and this led me to an interest in sharks.” “I was delighted to have been able to research in the area for my degree. I know there’s so much more we need to understand ---- but it certainly opens the way to more research.” It has been discovered that a shark senses pressure using hair cells in its balance system. At the Bimini Shark Lab in the Bahamas, Miss Smith fixed hi-tech sensors to sharks to record pressure and temperature, while also tracking them using GPS (Global Positioning System) technology. In Aberdeen, she was able to study the effects of tidal(潮汐的) and temperature changes on dogfish----none of which were harmed. She also used a special lab which can mimic(模拟) oceanic pressure changes caused by weather fronts. She is due to complete her study and graduate later this year. She says she will be looking for a job which will give her the chance to enrich her experience of shark research. 小题1:The passage is most probably taken from _____.
A.a short-story collection
B.a popular science magazine
C.a research paper
D.a personal diary小题2:What do we learn from the first four paragraph of the passage?
A.Sharks may be used to predict bad weather.
B.Sharks’ behaviour can be controlled.
C.Michael Fish is not qualified for his job.
D.Lauren Smith will become a weather forecaster.小题3:Lauren Smith conducted her research by _______.
A.removing hair cells from a shark’s balance system
B.measuring the air pressure of weather fronts
C.recording sharks’ body temperature
D.monitoring sharks’ reaction to weather changes小题4:What is the passage mainly about?
A.A popular way of forecasting weather.
B.A new research effort in predicting storms.
C.Biologists’ interest in the secrets of sharks.
D.Lauren Smith’s devotion to scientific research.
下图表示某种特异性免疫某时期的结构,请据图分析并判断下列说法不正确的是
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A.该细胞是效应B细胞,不一定由B细胞增殖、分化产生的B.图中与该物质合成分泌有关的细胞器有②③④C.吸附在某些细胞表面的抗体与过敏原结合,使细胞释放组织胺,组织胺所起的调节作用属于体液调节D.直接利用该细胞进行细胞培养,能产生具有特异性强,性质单一的抗体,称之为单克隆抗体
下列免疫反应中,属于体液免疫反应的是
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A.体液中的吞噬细胞吞噬病原体B.免疫球蛋白与病菌结合抑制病菌繁殖C.体液中的可溶性免疫活性物质干扰素抵抗病毒感染D.眼泪中的溶菌酶可破坏侵入人体的细菌
干旱地区绿洲面积衰减速度加快对当地产生的影响可能是①气候恶化,沙尘暴危害加剧②可能造成部分公路、铁路运输及供电线路中断③改善当地小气候④大片良田丧失,贫困人口增加
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A.②③B.①④C.①②D.③④
艾滋病(AIDS)是目前威胁人类生命的重要疾病之一。能导致艾滋病的HIV是一种球形的RNA病毒。HIV最初侵入人体时,人的免疫系统可以摧毁大多数病毒,少数HIV在体内潜伏下来,经过2~10年的潜伏期,发展为艾滋病(如图所示)。请分析回答下列问题:
(1)HIV感染早期,被HIV感染的细胞与___\_(浆细胞、效应T细胞)结合,经过一系列变化,最终被感染细胞裂解死亡,这一过程称为____\_免疫。同时,HIV进入体内后刺激____\_细胞产生抗HIV抗体,抗体与HIV结合形成沉淀,被吞噬细胞吞噬消化,这一过程称为______免疫。 (2)HIV感染后,HIV持续攻击人体的___\_细胞,使得患者的免疫力缺乏,因此艾滋病(AIDS)的中文全称是______综合症。
人体受病毒感染后,机体会发生免疫反应。下列说法正确的是
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A.往往是先通过体液免疫的作用,再通过细胞免疫的作用彻底消灭病毒B.往往是先通过细胞免疫的作用,再通过体液免疫的作用彻底消灭病毒C.往往是先通过细胞免疫的作用,再通过非特异性免疫作用彻底消灭病毒D.往往是先通过体液免疫的作用,再通过非特异性免疫作用彻底消灭病毒