环境保护
阅读图文资料，完成下列要求。
陕北高原南部过去以种粮为主，产量低。20世纪90年代成功引种优质苹果目前该地区苹果产量、浓缩果汁出口量位居全国前列。然而在果业发展中，大量施用化肥、农药影响果品品质、果渣露天堆放污染环境，农村薪柴缺乏等问题突出。

指出该地区过去种粮引发的生态环境问题。针对果业发展的问题，试从循环经济的角度设计解决方案。（10分）

读贵州省典型石漠化治理区特征对比表，完成下列各题。小题1:三个石漠化治理区中，鸭池的治理效果最差的主要原因是

A．气候干旱，蒸发旺盛，人口密度大

B．石漠化程度最严重，治理难度大

C．坡地比重最高，水土流失严重

D．农业发展模式不合理，治理时间短小题2:下列关于表中所示地区石漠化治理的说法，正确的是

A．以生态恢复为主，如退耕还林（草）、封山育林、作物改良等治理手段

B．重点治理强度石漠化的土地，以种植经济林和发展畜牧业为主

C．进行大规模生态移民，减小人口压力

D．实施跨流域调水，人工降雨等措施，改善该区域水环境

阅读下面这首唐诗，回答后面的问题。

**清溪行**李　白清溪清我心，水色异诸水。借问新安江，见底何如此？人行明镜中，鸟度屏风里。向晚猩猩啼，空悲远游子。

注：清溪，流经安徽贵池城，与秋浦河汇合，出池口入长江。（1）颔联、颈联分别运用了什么表现手法来描写清溪水色？请简要分析。　___________________________（2）诗的尾联描绘了什么情境？流露出诗人怎样的情感？　___________________________

（24分)下图为我国局部地区水系分布图，读图文材料回答下列各题。

材料：图中M河流河水年际变化小，具有“天旱年河水不少，多雨年河水不多的特点，每当夏季来临，图中南部地区的河流每天都会出现一次洪峰。
（1）简析图中M河“天旱年河水不少，多雨年河水不多”的自然原因。（8分)
（2）结合所学知识分析图中南部地区的河流“一日一峰”的形成原因。（4分)
（3）影响图中铁路N走向的最主要因素是__\_。图示区域农业生产类型是____\_，该农业生产类型的发展对当地经济的有利影响是_____________。为了防止图中南部流域生态环境恶化，在农业生产中，应该采取哪些措施？（12分)

Everyone makes mistakes in life, but for whales and dolphins, the “mistake” of landing on the shore costs the highest price---their lives. People living along the coast of Australia and New Zealand have been shocked and saddened by the number of whales and dolphins that they have found on their beaches recently. Since November 28th, 96 whales and dolphins have died in Australia and 53 whales died in New Zealand. Although 20 whales were saved, some of these were not expected to live, as they were too weak to swim with the others back to sea. Bob Brown, leader of Australia’s Green party, said the mass beaching was caused by the recent “sound bombing” of the ocean floor between the two countries. This is a method of testing for oil and gas reserves （储藏量). But mass beaching of whales has long puzzled scientists. Typically most members of the stranded （搁浅) group will appear to be perfectly healthy. “Some researchers believe that close relationship within the group causes the problem, if one gets into trouble, the others will not leave” said Shery Gibney, a leading biologist in New Zealand. “Some will come in and try and assist it; if they get trapped on the beach, then more will come.” Another common theory is that the whales’ navigation （导航) system are thought to break down in some way. It has been said that whales follow electromagnetic （电磁的) patterns in the sea-bed. The whales can get confused because these patterns sometimes change. That would be a bit like a new roundabout （环状交叉路) being built on a road you were used to driving on. You might be confused for a minute when you come to it for the first time, and you might even take a wrong turning before getting back on your route. A different idea is that when whales chase fish for food they end up in shallow waters because they are not paying attention to where they are going. And yet, from time to time a group will swim on purpose into shallow waters and end up on the beach, where they die. If returned to the sea, some whales often show great determination in restraining themselves. 小题1:____ whales and dolphins would probably die in this mass beaching along the coast of Australia and New Zealand.

A．Less than 100

B．Less than 150

C．More than 150

D．149小题2:Which of the following can be used to explain the term “sound bombing”？

A．The terrible sound that is caused in the war between two countries.

B．Human activities that aim to explore the ocean floor.

C．The loud sound that whales and dolphins make.

D．The earthquakes that happen on the ocean floor.小题3:Which of the following couldn’t probably lead to the mass beaching of whales？

A．A change in the electromagnetic patterns that whales follow.

B．New roundabout being built on a road.

C．Their full attention to the search for food.

D．Exploiting natural resources in oceans.小题4:The passage is mainly about _______.

A．that whales and dolphins may make mistakes as well as human beings

B．how scientists have found the reasons for the mass beaching of whales

C．how human beings make use of the ocean resources

D．why the mass beaching of whales happens

下列能表明可逆反应:A+2B2C已达平衡状态的的是
A. A、B、C的浓度相等
B. 当生成1molA的同时也生2molB
C. A、B、C的物质的量比为1:2:2
D. 当生成1molA的同时也生成2molC