Demography is the statistical study of human population

It can be a-general science that can be applied to any kind

of dynamic population, that is, one that changed over 【M1】__

the time or space. It encompasses the study of the size, 【M2】__

structure and distribution of populations, and spatial or

temporal changes in them in response to birth, death,

migration and aging.

Human demography is the most well known discipline

of demography, and typically what people refer when 【M3】__

using the term demography. Demographic analysis

can be applied to whole societies or to groups defined by

criterion such as education, nationality, religion and ethnicity. 【M4】__

In academia, demography is often regarded as a branch

of either economy or sociology. Formal demography 【M5】__

limits its object of study to the measurement of populations

processes, when the more broad field of social demography 【M6】__

studies also analyze the relationships between

economic, social, cultural and biological processes influencing on 【M7】__

a population.

Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406) is regarded as the "father of demography"

for his economic analysis of social organization which

produced the first scientific and theoretical work on

population, development, and group dynamics. At the end of the

18th century, Thomas Malthus concluded that, if unchecked,

populations would be subject to exponential growth. He feared

that population growth would intend to outstrip growth in food 【M8】__

production, leading to ever increased famine and poverty; he 【M9】__

is seen as the intellectual father of ideas of overpopulation and

the limits for growth. Later more sophisticated and realistic 【M10】__

models were presented by Benjamin Gompertz and Verhulst.

【M1】

How does the speaker spend his holiday in winter？

He usually takes one week to______.

？Look at these sentences and the four paragraphs.

？Which clip (A, B, C or D) does each sentence refer to？

？For each sentence 1-7, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.

？You will need to use some of the letters more than once.

A

The Million Dollar Mentality

Jemima Tate

Writer and business expert Jemima Tate reveals how millionaires think and what drives them to be best. Her philosophy is simple: millionaires are no different from anyone else and given the desire and determination to improve the quality of their lives, virtually anyone can realise their dreams. Tate provides the vital ingredients that can lead uo financial independence and reveals the secrets of becoming seriously rich. This book will inspire anyone who wants to work towards millionaire starus.

B

Using the Power of Influence

Meg Carbery

Meg Carbery shows readers how to survive and prosper in the rapidly changing business and social environment by providing a comprehensive guide to techniques of persuasion at work which are both ethical and effective. This book is a comprehensive repertoire of professional influencing skills which will serve the needs of managers, leaders, professionals and sales people and those concerned with influencing the behavior. of employees--who may be better qualified than themselves!

C

Norbert Starr's Positive Action Plan

Norbert Starr

Norbert Starr's Positive Action Plan is an invaluable source of inspiration, motivation and ideas. For each day of the year, a quotation from Starr--many drawn from previously unpublished material--is followed by further instruction and a detailed plan of action for putting the concepts into practice. Each month has a theme, so that progress is organised and consistent; April, for instance, is 'Goal Set-ting' and May follows logically with 'Action!' Starr's advice comes from many years in business, which is what makes it the most valuable available.

D

1001 Ways to Promote Your Business

It is the (responsible)________of the Human Resources Department to employ new staff members.

&8226;Read the invitation card below.

Mr Wang Changwen

Requests the pleasure of the company of

Mr & Mrs Robert Li

At dinner

At 7:00 p.m. on Friday, 31 st December

At the Guest House, the Friendship Hotel

R.S.V.P Telephone: 2558330

&8226;Write a letter to Mr Wang:

&8226;apologizing

&8226;explaining that you will go to a pop music concert with LiMing

&8226;expressing your thanks for the invitation.

&8226;Write 60-80 words on your Answer Sheet.

&8226;Do not include any postal addresses.

Plant species are dispersed over a large area with the help of ______.