Leukemia
Leukemia is the most common type of cancer kids get, but it is still very rare. Leukemia involves the blood and blood-forming organs, such as the bone marrow. (46)
A kid with leukemia produces lots of abnormal white blood cells in the bone marrow. Usually, white blood cells fight infection, but the white blood cells in a person with leukemia don't work the way they're supposed to. (47) The abnormal white blood cells multiply out of control, filling the bone marrow and making it hard for enough normal, infection-fighting white blood cells to form. Other blood cells—such as red blood cells (that carry oxygen in the blood to the body's tissues) and platelets (that allow blood to clot)—are also crowded out by the white blood cells of leukemia. These cancer cells may also move to other parts of the body, including the bloodstream, where they continue to multiply and build up.
Although leukemia can make kids sick, most of the time it is treatable, and kids get better. Almost all leukemia patients are treated with chemotherapy, which means using anti-cancer drugs. (48) Chemotherapy quickly goes to work, traveling through the blood to the bone marrow. There, the drugs can attack the cancer cells. After several weeks of chemotherapy, many kids begin to feel better.
Some children with leukemia will also have radiation therapy, too. (49)
If the cancer isn't getting better from usual amounts of chemotherapy and radiation, then a kid with leukemia Will probably need more treatment—with higher doses of chemotherapy and radiation to finally kill the cancer cells. But this heavy-duty treatment will also harm the normal cells in the kid's bone marrow too, and the bone marrow will no longer be able to produce normal blood ceils. So, doctors will then give a kid—or anyone else with bone marrow that is no longer working—normal bone marrow tissue from someone else who is healthy. (50)
A. The chemotherapy drugs are given through a catheter, a narrow tube that is inserted into a blood vessel, sometimes in the kid's upper chest.
B. Early symptoms of leukemia are often overlooked, since they may resemble symptoms of the flu or other common diseases.
C. This is a special procedure called a bone marrow transplant, and it helps the patient make new blood cells so they can recover from the leukemia.
D. Bone marrow is the innermost part of some bones where blood ceils are first made.
E. They don't protect the person from infections very well.
F. Radiation therapy uses invisible high-energy waves (similar to X-rays) to kill cancerous cells.
(46)
There are more than __ human languages in use worldwide.
Jenny is old enough to __ (明智以至于不) spend all her time playing computer games.
Teamwork is essential on this course.
For this part, you are allowed to write a composition about "The Way To Success". Your essay should include the following points:
1) Some people succeed, yet others fails in his life.
2) How to have your dream come true?
Your whole composition should be about 160-200 words. Remember to write on ANSWER SHEET 2 clearly.
Students have many resources on campus ,TV set is one of them. But many resources are misused or not fully used. Take TV set for example, because it is in the campus center, it has always caused congestion and wasting students’time. Write a proposal to the director of the campus on this problem.
In the first part of your letter you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.